What is a Gantry Crane?
A gantry crane is a type of overhead cranes with freestanding supporting leg or legs that moves on crane rail / crane track , or crane rail system, carrying crane bridge, consisted one beam or double beams with hoisting trolley system for material handling. Gantry cranes have lifting capacities ranging from a few hundred pounds to several hundred tons, which can be up to 550 ton with processed crane design. They are very efficient and cost-effective material handling to lift and move loads of various type, size or weight.
Gantry cranes are typically used in open areas or outdoor use where a closed area is not required, but they can also be used indoors such as workshops warehouse, and maintenance room, etc. The design, engineering, fabrication processing and providing all types of technical service for the gantry Crane are available from us. No matter which industrial sector you are in, we are able to provide you one-source gantry crane services, typically, in shipyards, rolling mills, enterprises serving the iron and steel industry, stock areas, marble shops, industrial facilities in machinery manufacturing, and any business that needs to lift loads. Although gantry cranes are commonly referred to as open area cranes, outdoor cranes or external cranes, they also can be used in enclosed spaces, with no cantilever, etc.
Main Types of Gantry Cranes & Comparison
Gantry cranes come in a variety of types and styles, varying with different loads and lifting capacities. Due to diverse shapes and sizes, gantry cranes can be used in a variety of industrial applications. The distinction between types of gantry cranes is determined by crane girder configuration, crane size, and hoisting trolley, etc.
Though the typical impression of a gantry crane is one of a permanent immovable lifting mechanism for heavy duty material handling, there are portable and mobile versions of gantry cranes for light loads handling. Because gantry cranes can be operated for a wide range of lifting works, each type of gantry crane is selected and adapted for the conditions where it is adopted.
Gantry cranes are classified into different types based on configurations, designs, and lifting capacity, which are interacted in a variety of ways to define the type of gantry crane for the specific applications.
Full gantry crane
The full gantry crane is the standard configuration of a gantry crane, consisting of a cross beam, supporting legs, and a lifting hoist . Gantry Cranes can run on rubber tyred wheels, or move on embedded rails or tracks, or be portable with castors which will be selected based on their designs.
Semi Gantry Crane
A semi-gantry crane has one supporting leg on one side of main girder and the other side is supported by a wall-mounted I beam. A semi-gantry crane is made up of a bridge, crane mechanism, trolley, and hoist. Semi-gantry cranes are combined the advantages of overhead and gantry cranes which can be used both indoors and outside. Gantry cranes are frequently used under the beneath an overhead crane to improve work productivity without interfering with the overhead crane's operation.
Portable Gantry Crane
Portable gantry cranes are light in weight and have movable wheels or casters which make the small gantry crane more flexible. The small portable gantry cranes are come in the types of steel gantry crane and aluminum portable gantry crane and the lifting capacity of portable gantry crane are from 500kg to 10 ton, and up to 20 ton and the lifting heights and spans come in diverse of designs. Portable gantry cranes are a cost-effective alternative for infrequent lifting needs that perform as well as a permanent crane. They can be moved about a facility for material handling at your request.
Adjustable Gantry Crane
Adjustable cranes come in a variety of sizes and can be portable or stationary. They can adjust their height, width, and horizontal beam to accommodate a load. The versatility and convenience of an adjustable gantry crane are two of its advantages. Though light duty adjustable gantry cranes are widely used. Many gantry cranes, regardless of type can be designed with the adjustable features to meet the different material handling requirements.
Single Girder Gantry Crane
A single girder gantry crane has one bridge beam with a hoist trolley that suspends on the lower flange of crane beam girder. . The main parts and components of a single girder crane are consisted of the main beam, end carriages, support legs, , crane drive, crane controls, and electric hoists, including the electric chain hoist and wire rope hoist, which are selected according to the type of work and application conditions. Single girder gantry cranes can be configured as semi leg / one leg gantry or two leg gantry cranes which is also dependent to on your working conditions.
Double Girder Gantry Crane
The bridge of a double girder gantry crane is made up of two girder beams. It is designed for extremely heavy duty applications and can have a top or under running trolley. Double girder gantry cranes have a large span, a high bearing capacity, and excellent stability. A double girder gantry crane has a lifting capacity of 3 ton to 550 ton and can be semi- or two-leg designed with A frame legs or U frame legs.
Truss Gantry Crane
A truss gantry crane refers to the type of gantry crane with the its main girder made of steel made truss girder and the trolley runs on top of the truss girder and a driver‘s cabin is equipped with double truss beam designs. Truss gantry cranes are light in weight and exert little wheel pressure. Truss gantry cranes can be designed as any of the various types of gantry cranes, regardless of the girder and frame construction.
Box Gantry Crane
A box gantry crane has a box shaped girder as the crane bridge.With box girder design, the gantry cranes allows them to have a longer bridge span and greater load capacity.The box girder gantry cranes can be single box girder gantry design with the hoist trolley under the beam or double box girder gantry for extraordinarily heavy duty lifting with the lifting trolley moves on the top of box girders. The box style girder is supported by A-frame legs or U frame legs that rest on heavy duty wheels.
L Shaped Gantry Crane
The L shaped gantry crane is a single girder gantry crane with with L shaped supporting legs. The design of the L shaped gantry crane legs makes it capable of large and long heavy objects or loads.The L leg gantry crane is also widely used in freight yards, railroad terminals, and warehouse, with capacity of 5 ton -32 ton. Based on your lifting requirements and application conditions, the L leg gantry cranes can be designed with a soft start for long travel operation to make sure your gantry crane move stably and smoothly.
U Shape Gantry Crane
A U frame leg gantry crane is a type of double girder gantry crane with the support legs designed in the shape of a U, which provides extra space between the legs and between double girders to make the handling of large loads such as containers more convenient and efficient. The lifitng trolley is installed between the two girders which may consisted of one or two hoists. Furthermore, the girders can be extended on one or both sides to form cantilevers for easier loading and unloading. U-shaped gantry cranes can be run on fixed rails for low running resistance or on rubber-tyred wheels for greater portability.
Workstation Gantry Crane / Portable Gantry Crane
Workstation gantry cranes are small gantry crane with rollers or castors which are supposed to lift lighter materials and goods. They are portable and mobile, with the purpose of lifting a work-piece and transporting it to a workbench for processing. Workstation gantry cranes with manual travelling design remain stable and stationary when loaded. With motorized travelling design, the portable gantry crane can be movable under loading . For lifting and moving workplaces, the hoist is equipped with a wire rope or chain. The selection of workstation gantry crane or portable gantry crane are determined by its required lifting capacity and the types of loads to be handled.
Comparison of types of gantry cranes
Dongqi Crane can provide a complete range of gantry cranes, i.e., portable gantry cranes, full gantry cranes and semi-gantry cranes including, single girder, double girder, single leg, double leg, and different cantilever styles for indoor or outdoor use.
Full gantry crane vs. Semi gantry crane
To begin, gantry cranes are typically classified as full gantry cranes, semi-gantry cranes, gantry cranes with cantilevers, and gantry cranes without cantilevers. Their features are as follows:
- Full-gantry crane: There is no overhang on the main beam, and the trolley is carried out within the main span.
- Semi-gantry cranes: The height difference between the legs can be adjusted to meet the needs of the construction site.
Double girder gantry crane vs.Single girder gantry crane
- Double girder gantry crane is one of the most common type of overhead crane. The structural force of double girder gantry crane structure, as well as the effective use of the site area, are both reasonable. Double girder gantry cranes have a large span, overall stability, and a wide range of options, but their quality is higher and their price is higher than single-girder gantry cranes of the capacity. Based on the primary beam structure, double girder gantry crane can be grouped in to box beam and truss beam gantry crane. And usually, the box girder double girder gantry crane design is more frequently adopted.
- The single girder gantry crane has a simple structure, which is simple to produce and install, and has a low mass. The main beam of single girder gantry crane is usually adopted the box shaped construction to provide enough rigidity for loads handling, with capacity from 1 ton to 20 ton. Single girder gantry crane can designe with L-shaped legs and C-shaped legs. The L-shape is simple to make and install, with good stress conditions and providing larger space for hoisting loads with large and long volumn. The C-shaped legs are angled or curved to allow for a considerable amount of lateral space for the loads to pass through.
Box girder gantry crane vs. Truss girder gantry crane
- Box type:Steel plates welded together to form a box construction with great safety and stiffness. It's usually reserved for gantry cranes that have a lot of tonnage or enormous tonnage. High cost, heavy weight, and low wind resistance are all downsides of the box girder.
- Truss type: Angle steel or I-beam welded truss girder design has the advantages of low cost, light weight, and strong wind resistance. Huge deflection, low rigidity, relatively low reliability, and frequent detection of welding spots are all disadvantages of truss girder gantry cranes due to the large number of welding points and faults in the trusses themselves.
Adjustable gantry crane vs. Portable gantry crane v.s. Rail mounted gantry crane
In terms of mounting types , gantry cranes can be divided into several varieties, including:
- Adjustable gantry cranes are designed for warehousing applications, where products must be moved through aisles, entrances, around impediments, and over or under obstructions. In welding facilities, fabrication industries, and other places, an adjustable gantry crane is frequently used to raise pieces and equipment into place.
- The portable gantry crane is adaptable, with the ability to be replaced and relocated, as well as the ability to travel quickly and easily to and from a job site.
- A rail-mounted gantry crane is used to move big loads through a defined route, either manually or mechanically
- Rubber typred gantry crane is used in yards or ports for large loads handling such as, containers, boats, long and heavy precasting concrete, etc.
What type of gantry crane do you require? The price of a gantry crane can be significantly reduced by choosing the proper type of gantry crane. Send us a message to obtain a free consultation on how to choose the best gantry crane for your needs.